Taken primarily from Kozloff, 1987, 1996 p. 408 (Copyright 1987, 1996, University of Washington Press. Used in this web page by permission of University of Washington Press)
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| Lower taxonomic level | Main Page | Alphabetic Index | Systematic Index | Glossary |
| 1a | Carapace smooth, and only a portion of it (shield) calcified (picture); basal portions of eyescales not covered by the carapace, visible from above (picture); leg 4 subchelate (picture); male with pleopods, but these are unpaired | 2 |
| 1b | Carapace with dorsal spines, and almost all of it calicified; basal portions of eyescales covered by the carapace, not visible from above; male without pleopods | Labidochirus splendescens |
| 2a | Abdomen not coiled; uropods symmetrical; in tubes of sabellariid or serpulid polychaetes, or in shells of scaphopod molluscs (rarely shells of gastropod molluscs) | 3 |
| 2b | Abdomen coiled; uropods asymmetrical (picture); in shells of gastropods or in sponge masses | 4 |
| 3a | Palm (propodus) of right chela wider at the level where the dactyl and fixed claw originate than at its proximal end; right and left halves of telson partly separated by a groove; in shells of scaphopod molluscs; subtidal off the open coast | Orthopagurus minimus |
| 3b | Palm of right chela little if any wider at the level where the dactyl and fixed claw originate than at its proximal end; right and left halves of telson not separated by a groove; almost always in tubes of sabellariid and serpulid polychaetes (rarely in shells of gastropods); subtidal, but occurring in inland waters as well as off the open coast | Discorsopagurus schmitti |
| 4a | Carpus of right cheliped at least slightly longer than wide (picture); neither the carpus nor the propodus of the right cheliped much flattened or with 1 or both margins thinned further; eyescales without a deep median furrow (picture) | 5 |
| 4b | Carpus of right cheliped as wide or wider than long; either the carpus or propodus, or both, much flattened and with 1 or both margins thinned further; eyescales with a deep median furrow | 22 |
| 5a | Dactyl of legs 2 and 3 obviously twisted in relation to the propodus, and with 2 reddish brown stripes (photo) | 6 |
| 5b | Dactyl of legs 2 and 3 not twisted in relation to the propodus, and without stripes (picture) | 8 |
| 6a | Dactyl and propodus of chelipeds spiny dorsally and marginally, but with relatively few spines on the ventral side | Pagurus armatus |
| 6b | Dactyl and propodus of chelipeds with about as many tubercles or small spines on the ventral surface as on the dorsal surface | 7 |
| 7a | Dorsal surface of dactyl of legs 2 and 3 with a single distinct longitudinal groove; merus and carpus of chelipeds without an opalescent sheen | Pagurus aleuticus |
| 7b | Dorsal surface of dactyl of legs 2 and 3 with longitudinal rows of small spines or tubercles, these rows separated by 2 shallow, indistinct grooves; merus and carpus of chelipeds with an opalescent sheen | Pagurus ochotensis |
| 8a | Dorsal surface of palm (propodus) of left chela with a prominent ridge or crest near the midline, and with a distinct concavity lateral to this; subtidal, and found only in deep water off the open coast | 9 |
| 8b | Dorsal surface of palm of left chela without a prominent ridge or crest near the midline (but there may be a slight eminence) (picture), and without a concavity; includes intertidal and subtidal species, some of which occur in inland waters | 11 |
| 9a | ||
| 9b | ||
| 10a | ||
| 10b | ||
| 11a | Ventral surface of merus of right cheliped with 1 or 2 prominent tubercles (these are about twice as large as the other tubercles) (picture); includes intertidal and subtidal species | 12 |
| 11b | Ventral surface of merus of right cheliped without prominent tubercles (photo) strictly subtidal species | 17 |
| 12a | Ventral surface of merus of right cheliped with 2 prominent tubercles (picture) | 13 |
| 12b | Ventral surface of merus of right cheliped with only 1 prominent tubercle (and in Pagurus hirsutiusculus, a common intertidal species, this is often obscure) | 15 |
| 13a | Ventrolateral surface of dactyl and propodus of left leg 3 without spines or tubercles, or the propodus with only 1 or 2 spines on its distal portion; legs, including the chelipeds, olive-green, with small blue dots | Pagurus granosimanus |
| 13b | Ventrolateral surface of dactyl and propodus of left leg 3 with 1 or more irregular rows of small spines or tubercles (picture); color of legs not olive-green with small blue dots | 14 |
| 14a | Shield of carapace about as wide as long (picture); chelae with small spines rather than tubercles or granules (picture); dorsal surface of carpus of left cheliped with a single row of stout spines; rostrum generally rounded (picture); legs 2 and 3 with a red band at the articulation of the dactyl and propodus (picture); not restricted to the open coast, but found only subtidally and in the lowest part of the intertidal region | Pagurus beringanus |
| 14b | Shield of carapace decidedly longer than wide; chelae with tubercles or granules; dorsal surface of carpus of left cheliped with 2 rows of rather short spines; rostrumacute; dactyl of legs 2 and 3 bright blue [often a band, or a white band in juveniles]; restricted to the open coast, where it occurs intertidally | Pagurus samuelis |
| 15a | Chelae with irregular rows of rather stout spines, these partly obscured by tufts of long setae; antennae 2 reddish brown and without white spots or bands; with a white band at the articulation of the propodus and dactyl of legs 2 and 3 | Pagurus caurinus |
| 15b | Chelae with closely spaced tubercles or granules, these often inconspicuous (scattered tufts of setae may also be present); with or without white spots or bands on antennae 2; with or without a light band at the articulation of the propodus and dactyl of legs 2 and 3 | 16 |
| 16a | Ventral side of carpus of right cheliped greatly swollen; shield of carapace decidedly longer than wide; antennae 2 orange-red and without white spots or bands; legs, on the whole, dark red with minute yellow spots, but without a light band at the articulation of the propodus and dactyl; on the open coast, where it is restricted to the lowest part of the intertidal region and the shallow subtidal region | Pagurus hemphilli |
| 16b | Ventral side of carpus of right cheliped not greatly swollen; shield of carapace about about as wide as long, or wider than long; antennae 2 largely green with white spots or bands; legs greenish brown, legs 2 and 3 with white or bluish bands at the articulation of the propodus and dactyl; on the open coast and in inland waters, mostly in the mid-intertidal region | Pagurus hirsutiusculus |
| 17a | Dactyl of left chela bowed to the extent that when it is closed against the fixed claw, there is a prominent gap between them; eyescale usually tipped with 2 to 5 spines | Pagurus quaylei |
| 17b | Dactyl of left chela not bowed to the extent that there is a prominent gap between it and the fixed claw; eyescales terminating in a single spine or merely acute | 18 |
| 18a | Carpus of left cheliped about 3 times as long as wide, and usually appreciably longer than the merus | 19 |
| 18b | Carpus of left cheliped about 2 times as long as wide, and about the same length as the merus | 20 |
| 19a | Carpus of right cheliped about twice as long as wide; left chela more nearly triangular than elongate-ellipsoidal, and with a double row of divergent spines on the eminence ner the midline of the dorsal surface of the palm (propodus); rostrum not pronounced, with a blunt tip; distal part of the merus of chelipeds without a white band | Pagurus stevensae |
| 19b | Carpus of right cheliped about 1.5 times as long as wide; left chela more nearly elongate-ellipsoidal than triangular, and with a single row of large spines on the eminence near the midline of the dorsal surface of the palm; rostrum pronounced, triangular and sharp-tipped; distal part of the merus of the chelipeds with a distinct white band | Pagurus dalli |
| 20a | Dorsal side of the base of the cornea with a tuft of setae; eyestalks (including the cornea) about 5 times as long as wide; distal portion of the merus of chelipeds with a white band; antenna 2 with light and dark bands | Pagurus kennerlyi |
| 20b | Dorsal side of the base of the cornea without a tuft of setae; eyestalks (including the cornea) generally not more than 4 times as long as wide; distal portion of the merus of chelipeds without a white band; antenna 2 not banded | 21 |
| 21a | ||
| 21b | ||
| 22a | Propodus of right cheliped, in dorsal view, slightly wider than the carpus; dorsal surface of propodus of right cheliped roughened by tubercles and spines; margins of merus of legs (especially chelipeds) bright grayish blue (elsewhere on the legs the color ranges from cream to red) | Elassochirus tenuimanus |
| 22b | Propodus of right cheliped, in dorsal view, narrower than the carpus; dorsal surface of propodus of right cheliped nearly smooth; prevailing coloration of legs orange to red, without grayish blue on the margins of the merus | 23 |
| 23a | Dorsal surface of carpus of right cheliped with 1 or more irregular rows of small spines; merus and carpus of chelipeds with a lavender-purple area | Elassochirus cavimanus |
| 23b | Dorsal surface of carpus of right cheliped without small spines; chelipeds rather uniformly orange to red | Elassochirus gilli |
Discorsopagurus schmitti
Elassochirus tenuimanus
Labidochirus splendescens
Pagurus armatus
Pagurus beringanus
Pagurus caurinus
Pagurus dalli
Pagurus granosimanus
Pagurus hirsutiusculus
Pagurus kennerlyi
Pagurus quaylei
Pagurus samuelis
Pagurus stevensae
Page created by Janisse Maxwell, 7-2002
Edited by: Hans Helmstetler 10-2002, Dave Cowles 2005, 2007
